Chamberlain College Of Nursing > NURSING > NR 507 FINALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (GRADED A)

Question Question 1 2 / 2 pts What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer?

a)                  Herpes simplex virus type 6

b)                  Herpes simplex virus type 2

c)                  Human papillomavirus

d)                  Human immunodeficiency virus

Question 2 2 / 2 pts Which statement accurately describes childhood asthma?

a)                  An obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation

b)                  A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray imaging

c)                  A pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein, producing viscous mucus that lines the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens

d)                  An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency

Question 3 0 / 2 pts The ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host is referred to as:

a)                  Infectivity

b)                  Toxigenicity

c)                  Pathogenicity

d)                  Virulence

Question 4 2 / 2 pts Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:

a)                  Adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling.

b)                  The metabolic rate of obese adults is slower than the rate of lean adults.

c)                  The rate of urine output of obese adults is higher than the rate of output of lean adults.

d)                  The thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively.

Question 5 2 / 2 pts Continued therapy of pernicious anemia (PA) generally lasts how long?

a)                  6 to 8 weeks

b)                  8 to 12 months

c)                  Until the iron level is normal

d)                  The rest of one’s life

Question 6 2 / 2 pts Which statement best describes cystic fibrosis?

a)                  Obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation

b)                  Respiratory disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray imaging

c)                  Pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein-producing viscous mucus that obstructs the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens

d)                  Pulmonary disorder characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency

Question 7 2 / 2 pts What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps particles moving toward the oropharynx?

a)                  Nasal turbinates

b)                  Alveolar macrophages

c)                  Cilia

d)                  Irritant receptors on the nares

Question 8 2 / 2 pts As stated in the Frank-Starling law, a direct relationship exists between the _____ of the blood in the heart at the end of diastole and the _____ of contraction during the next systole.

a)                  Pressure; force Volume;

b)                  strength Viscosity;

c)                  force Viscosity; strength

Question 9 2 / 2 pts The tonic neck reflex observed in a newborn should no longer be obtainable by:

a)                  2 years

b)                  1 year

c)                  10 months

d)                  5 months

Question 10 2 / 2 pts Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which tissue origin?

a)                  Blood vessels

b)                  Epithelial cells

c)                  Connective tissue

d)                  Glandular tissue 

Question 11 2 / 2 pts Which of the following describes how the body compensates for anemia?

a)                  Increasing rate and depth of breathing

b)                  Decreasing capillary vasoconstriction

c)                  Hemoglobin holding more firmly onto oxygen

d)                  Kidneys releasing more erythropoietin

Question 12 2 / 2 pts What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in a posterior arch of a vertebra?

a)                  Encephalocele

b)                  Meningocele

c)                  Spina bifida occulta

d)                  Myelomeningocele

Question 13 2 / 2 pts Chvostek and Trousseau signs indicate which electrolyte imbalance?

a)                  Hypokalemia

b)                  Hyperkalemia

c)                  Hypocalcemia

d)                  Hypercalcemia

Question 14 2 / 2 pts After sexual transmission of HIV, a person can be infected yet seronegative for how many months?

a)                  1 to 2

b)                  6 to 14

c)                  18 to 20

d)                  24 to 36

Question 15 2 / 2 pts Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response?

a)                  Norepinephrine

b)                  Epinephrine

c)                  Cortisol

d)                  Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 16 2 / 2 pts Which blood cells are the chief phagocytes involved in the early inflammation process?

a)                  Neutrophils

b)                  Monocytes

c)                  Eosinophils

d)                  Erythrocytes

Question 17 2 / 2 pts Where are alveolar macrophages found?

a)                  Skin

b)                  Breasts

c)                  Gastrointestinal tract

d)                  Lungs

Question 18 2 / 2 pts Which normal physiologic change occurs in the aging pulmonary system?

a)                  Decreased flow resistance

b)                  Fewer alveoli

c)                  Stiffening of the chest wall

d)                  Improved elastic recoil

Question 19 2 / 2 pts An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would likely exhibit which symptom?

a)                  Intermittent murmur

b)                  Lack of symptoms

c)                  Need for surgical repair

d)                  Triad of congenital defects

Question 20 2 / 2 pts Hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of which clotting factor?

a)                  V

b)                  VIII

c)                  IX

d)                  X

Question 21 2 / 2 pts A hypersensitivity reaction that produces an allergic response is called:

a)                  Hemolytic shock

b)                  Anaphylaxis

c)                  Necrotizing vasculitis

d)                  Systemic erythematosus

Question 22 2 / 2 pts Which statement is true regarding pain and cancer?

a)                  Pain is primarily a result of pressure caused by the tumor.

b)                  Pain indicates the metastasis of a cancer.

c)                  Pain is usually the initial symptom of cancer.

d)                  Pain is generally associated with late-stage cancer.

Question 23 2 / 2 pts What is the anomaly in which the soft bony component of the skull and much of the brain is missing?

a)      Anencephaly

b)      Myelodysplasia

c)      Cranial meningocele

d)      Hydrocephaly

Question 24 0 / 2 pts At birth, which statement is true?

a)      Systemic resistance and pulmonary resistance fall.

b)      Gas exchange shifts from the placenta to the lung.

c)      Systemic resistance falls and pulmonary resistance rises.

d)      Systemic resistance and pulmonary resistance rise.

Question 25 2 / 2 pts What is the most commonly reported symptom of cancer treatment?

a)                  Nausea

b)                  Fatigue

c)                  Hair loss

d)                  Weight loss 

Question 26 2 / 2 pts The common property among the three types of medications used to treat depression is that they:

a)      Increase neurotransmitter levels within the synapse.

b)      Increase neurotransmitter levels in the presynapse.

c)      Decrease neurotransmitter levels in the postsynapse.

d)      Decrease neurotransmitter levels within the synapse.

Question 27 2 / 2 pts Prolonged high environmental temperatures that produce dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia cause which disorder of temperature regulation?

a)      Heat cramps

b)      Heat stroke

c)      Malignant hyperthermia

d)      Heat exhaustion

Question 28 2 / 2 pts Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) involves inadequate motility of the colon caused by neural malformation of which nervous system?

a)      Central

b)      Parasympathetic

c)      Sympathetic

d)      Somatic

Question 29 2 / 2 pts What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a force that would not normally cause a fracture?

a)      Idiopathic

b)      Incomplete

c)      Pathologic

d)      Greenstick

Question 30 2 / 2 pts What is the leading cause of infertility in women?

a)      Pelvic inflammatory disease

b)      Endometriosis

c)      Salpingitis

d)      Polycystic ovary syndrome

Question 31 2 / 2 pts Alterations in which part of the brain are linked to hallucinations, delusions, and thought disorders associated with schizophrenia?

a)      Parietal lobe

b)      Limbic system

c)      Temporal lobe

d)      Hypothalamus .

Question 32 2 / 2 pts What is the function of the mucus secreted by the Bartholin glands?

a)      Enhancement of the motility of sperm

b)      Lubrication of the urinary meatus and vestibule

c)      Maintenance of an acid-base balance to discourage proliferation of pathogenic bacteria

d)      Enhancement of the size of the penis during intercourse

Question 33 0 / 2 pts People with gout are at high risk for which co-morbid condition?

a)      Renal calculi

b)      Joint trauma

c)      Anemia

d)      Hearing loss

Question 34 2 / 2 pts The tear in a ligament is referred to as a:

a)      Fracture

b)      Strain

c)      Disunion

d)      Sprain

Question 35 2 / 2 pts Regarding type 2 diabetes, obesity is considered to be what type of risk?

a)      Genetic

b)      Empirical

c)      Relative

d)      Modifiable

Question 36 2 / 2 pts Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism?

a)      Twofold

b)      Threefold

c)      Fourfold

d)      Tenfold

Question 37 2 / 2 pts What causes the crystallization within the synovial fluid of the joint affected by gouty arthritis?

a)      Reduced excretion of purines

b)      Overproduction of uric acid

c)      Increase in the glycosaminoglycan levels

d)      Overproduction of proteoglycans

Question 38 0 / 2 pts It is true that Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS):

a)      Is preceded by a viral illness.

b)      Involves a deficit in acetylcholine.

c)      Results in asymmetric paralysis.

d)      Is an outcome of HIV.

Question 39 2 / 2 pts The failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity, characterizes which disorder?

a)                  Osteogenesis imperfecta

b)                  Rickets

c)                  Osteochondrosis

d)                  Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease 

Question 40 2 / 2 pts Which dietary lifestyle choice has been associated with a decreased risk for developing colon cancer?

a)      Increased consumption of dairy produces

b)      Increased consumption of foods containing vitamin C

c)      Decreased consumption of foods high in fat

d)      Decreased consumption of artificial food coloring

Question 41 2 / 2 pts The sudden apparent arousal in which a child expresses intense fear or another strong emotion while still in a sleep state characterizes which sleep disorder?

a)      Night terrors

b)      Insomnia

c)      Somnambulism

d)      Enuresis 

Question 42 2 / 2 pts Which virus is a precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer?

a)      Human papillomavirus (HPV)

b)      Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

c)      Herpes simplex II virus (HSV)

d)      Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 43 2 / 2 pts What anchors articular cartilage to the underlying bone?

a)      Sharpey fibers

b)      Collagen fibers

c)      Glycoproteins

d)      Elastin fibers

Question 44 2/ 2 pts Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor?

a)      Parietal

b)      Chief

c)      G

d)      H

Question 45 2 / 2 pts Which water-soluble vitamin is absorbed by passive diffusion?

a)      Vitamin B6

b)      Vitamin B1

c)      Vitamin K

d)      Folic acid

Question 46 2 / 2 pts What is the first sign of puberty in girls?

a)      Breast enlargement

b)      Growth of pubic hair

c)      Menstruation

d)      Vaginal discharge

Question 47 2 / 2 pts Pinkeye is characterized by inflammation of which structure?

a)      Eyelids

b)      Sebaceous glands

c)      Meibomian glands

d)      Conjunctiva

Question 48 2 / 2 pts What syndrome, characterized by an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome, exhibits features that include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and webbed neck?

a)      Down

b)      Cri du chat

c)      Turner

d)      Klinefelter

Question 49 2 / 2 pts A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months?

a)      3

b)      6

c)      9

d)      12

Question 50 0 / 2 pts Obesity acts as an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus by:

a)      Reducing the amount of insulin the pancreas produces

b)      Increasing the resistance to insulin by cells

c)      Obstructing the outflow of insulin from the pancreas

d)      Stimulating the liver to increase glucose production

Question 51 0 / 2 pts Which clinical manifestations would be expected for a child who has complete trisomy of the twenty-first chromosome?

a)      Widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and sparse body hair

b)      An IQ of 25 to 70, low nasal bridge, protruding tongue, and flat, low-set ears

c)      High-pitched voice, tall stature, gynecomastia, and an IQ of 60 to 90

d)      Circumoral cyanosis, edema of the feet, short stature, and mental slowness

Question 52 0 / 2 pts Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in situ?

a)      Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the cuboidal epithelium of the vagina.

b)      Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the uterus.

c)      Squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the columnar epithelium of the uterus.

d)      Columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the squamous epithelium of the vagina.

Question 53 2 / 2 pts How can glaucoma cause blindness?

a)      Infection of the cornea

b)      Pressure on the optic nerve

c)      Opacity of the lens

d)      Obstruction of the venous return from the retina

Question 54 0 / 2 pts Parkinson disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain’s:

a)      Hypothalamus

b)      Anterior pituitary

c)      Frontal lobe

d)      Basal ganglia

 Question 55 0 / 2 pts Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain?

a)      GCT Pattern theory

b)      Specificity theory

c)      Neuromatrix theory

Question 56 0 / 2 pts Where is oxytocin synthesized?

a)                  Hypothalamus

b)                  Paraventricular nuclei

c)                  Anterior pituitary

d)                  Posterior pituitary

Question 57 0 / 2 pts An insufficient dietary intake of which vitamin can lead to rickets in children?

a)                  C

b)                  B12

c)                  B6

d)                  D

Question 58 2 / 2 pts What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is located on the undersurface of the penis?

a)      Hypospadias

b)      Epispadias

c)      Hyperspadias

d)      Chordee

Question 59 2 / 2 pts The most critical aspect in ly diagnosing a seizure disorder and establishing its cause is:

a)      Computed tomographic (CT) scan

b)      Cerebrospinal fluid analysis

c)      Skull x-ray studies

d)      Health history

Question 60 2 / 2 pts Transcription is best defined as a process by which:

a)      DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on ribonucleic acid (RNA).

b)      RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides for protein synthesis.

c)      RNA is synthesized from a DNA template.

d)      A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence.

Question 61 0 / 2 pts Which person is at the greatest risk for developing delirium?

a)      An individual with diabetes celebrating a 70th birthday

b)      A depressed Hispanic woman

c)      An individual on the second day after hip replacement

d)      A man diagnosed with schizophrenia

Question 62 2 / 2 pts Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty?

a)      Inhibin

b)      Leptin

c)      Activin

d)      Follistatin

Question 63 2 / 2 pts Which type of diarrhea results from lactose intolerance?

a)                  Secretory

b)                  Motility

c)                  Osmotic

d)                  Small volume

Question 64 2 / 2 pts An amniocentesis is recommended for pregnant women who:

a)      Have a history of chronic illness

b)      Have a family history of genetic disorders

c)      Have experienced in vitro fertilization

d)      Had a late menarche

Question 65 2 / 2 pts Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor) muscle fibers?

a)      Slow contraction speed

b)      Fast conduction velocities

c)      Profuse capillary supply

d)     Oxidative metabolism

Question 66 2 / 2 pts The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin?

a)                  IgA

b)                  IgE

c)                  IgG

d)                  IgM

Question 67 2 / 2 pts Dilation of the ipsilateral pupil, following uncal herniation, is the result of pressure on which cranial nerve (CN)?

a)                  Optic (CN I)

b)                  Abducens (CN VI)

c)                  Oculomotor (CN III)

d)                  Trochlear (CN IV)

Question 68 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone?

a)                  Cortisol

b)                  Oxytocin

c)                  Epinephrine

d)                  Growth hormone

Question 69 2 / 2 pts What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children?

a)                  Periorbital edema

b)                  Scrotal or labial edema

c)                  Frothy urine

d)                  Ascites

Question 70 2 / 2 pts The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women?

a)                  Ovarian

b)                  Lung

c)                  Uterine

d)                  Pancreatic

Question 71 2 / 2 pts The data reporting that sickle cell disease affects approximately 1 in 600 American blacks is an example of which concept?

a)                  Incidence

b)                  Prevalence

c)                  Ratio

d)                  Risk

Question 72 2 / 2 pts When a woman’s uterus is assessed as protruding through the entrance of the vagina to the hymen, which grade of prolapse does this indicate?

a)                  0

b)                  1

c)                  2

d)                  3

Question 73 2 / 2 pts What is the term that denotes the duration of time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before outwardly responding?

a)                  Tolerance

b)                  Perception

c)                  Threshold

d)                  Dominance

Question 74 2 / 2 pts Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis?

a)                  Premenstrual syndrome

b)                  Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

c)                  Polycystic ovary syndrome

d)                  Primary dysmenorrhea

Question 75 0 / 2 pts What term describes the loss of the comprehension or production of language?

a)                  Agnosia

b)                  Aphasia

c)                  Akinesia

d)                  Dysphasia

Question 76. : The common hay fever allergy is expressed through a reaction that is mediated by which class of immunoglobulins?

a)                  IgE

b)                  IgG

c)                  IgM

d)                  T cells

Question 77 : What is the treatment of choice for pernicious anemia (PA)?

a)      Cyanocobalamin by oral intake

b)      Vitamin B12 by injection

c)      Ferrous fumarate by Z-track injection

d)      Folate by oral intake

Question 78. : Which sexually transmitted infection frequently coexists with gonorrhea?

a)                  Syphilis

b)                  Herpes simplex virus

c)                  Chlamydia

d)                  Chancroid

Question 79. : During an infection, why do lymph nodes enlarge and become tender?

a)                  B lymphocytes proliferate.

b)                  The nodes are inflamed.

c)                  The nodes fill with purulent exudate.

d)                  The nodes are not properly functioning.

Question 80. : What is the suggested mean blood pressure for an 8- to 9-year-old child?

a)                  104/55 mm Hg

b)                  106/58 mm Hg

c)                  112/62 mm Hg

d)                  121/70 mm Hg

Question 81. : Stress-induced sympathetic stimulation of the adrenal medulla causes the secretion of:

a)                  Epinephrine and aldosterone

b)                  Norepinephrine and cortisol

c)                  Epinephrine and norepinephrine

d)                  Acetylcholine and cortisol

Question 82. : What is the function of erythrocytes?

a)                  Tissue oxygenation

b)                  Hemostasis

c)                  Infection control

d)                  Allergy response

Question 83. Where are Kupffer cells located?

a)                  Kidneys

b)                  Liver

c)                  Pancreas

d)                  Spleen

Question 84. Tissue damage caused by the deposition of circulating immune complexes containing an antibody against the host DNA is the cause of which disease?

a)                  Hemolytic anemia

b)                  Pernicious anemia

c)                  Systemic lupus erythematosus

d)                  Myasthenia gravis

Question 85. Where are Langerhans cells found?

a)                  Skin

b)                  Intestinal lining

c)                  Kidney

d)                  Thyroid

Question 86. What is the primary cause of the symptoms of polycythemia vera?

a)                  Decreased erythrocyte count

b)                  Destruction of erythrocytes

c)                  Increased blood viscosity

d)                  Neurologic involvement

Question 87. How is the effectiveness of vitamin B12 therapy measured?

a)                  Reticulocyte count

b)                  Serum transferring

c)                  Hemoglobin

d)                  Serum vitamin B12

Question 88. Which is an example of an endogenous antigen?

a)                  Yeast

b)                  Cancer cells

c)                  Bacteria

d)                  Fungus

Question 89. Which immunoglobulin is present in blood, saliva, breast milk, and respiratory secretions?

a)                  IgA

b)                  IgE

c)                  IgG

d)                  IgM

Question 90. Which renal change is found in older adults?

a)                  Sharp decline in glomerular filtration rate

b)                  Sharp decline in renal blood flow

c)                  Decrease in the number of nephrons

d)                  Decrease in urine output

Question 91. What period follows depolarization of the myocardium and represents a period during which no new cardiac potential can be propagated?

a)                  Refractory

b)                  Hyperpolarization

c)                  Threshold

d)                  Sinoatrial (SA)

Question 92. What is the most common predisposing factor to obstructive sleep apnea in children?

a)                  Chronic respiratory infections

b)                  Adenotonsillar hypertrophy

c)                  Obligatory mouth breathing

d)                  Paradoxic breathing

Question 93. Kidney stones in the upper part of the ureter would produce pain referred to which anatomical area?

a)                  Vulva or penis

b)                  Umbilicus

c)                  Thighs

d)     &